Heart of the Congos 40th Anniversary Edition Review

Grammatical commodity in English

The () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, nether word, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the well-nigh frequently used discussion in the English language; studies and analyses of texts take constitute it to account for seven pct of all printed English-language words.^[i] Information technology is derived from gendered manufactures in Old English which combined in Middle English language and now has a single form used with pronouns of whatsoever gender.^[a] The word tin be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a substantive that starts with any letter. This is dissimilar from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed by a schwa) when followed past a consonant sound, and every bit /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed by a vowel sound or used as an emphatic form.^[2]

Mod American and New Zealand English take an increasing tendency to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and use /ðə/, even earlier a vowel.^{[iii] [4]}

Sometimes the give-and-take "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the expert", non just "an" practiced in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English language are described under "Use of articles". The, as in phrases similar "the more the amend", has a distinct origin and etymology and by chance has evolved to be identical to the definite commodity.^[5]

Article

The and that are common developments from the same Old English arrangement. Former English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Middle English language, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modern English word the.^{[half dozen]}

Geographic usage

An area in which the use or non-use of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, island groups (archipelagoes) and so on – are generally used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the North Sea, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, individual islands, authoritative units and settlements mostly practice non take a "the" article (Europe, Jura, Austria (but the Republic of Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (but the Canton of York), Madrid).
• outset with a common noun followed by of may take the article, equally in the Isle of Wight or the Isle of Portland (compare Christmas Isle), same applies to names of institutions: Cambridge Academy, but the University of Cambridge.
• Some place names include an commodity, such equally the Bronx, The Oaks, The Rock, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Hamlet, The Village (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the West Stop, the East Cease, The Hague, or the City of London (simply London). Formerly e.k. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.^[7]
• by and large described atypical names, the N Island (New Zealand) or the West Land (England), take an commodity.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, almost exclude "the" simply there are some that adhere to secondary rules:

• derivations from commonage common nouns such every bit "kingdom", "republic", "matrimony", etc.: the Central African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United States, the Britain, the Soviet Union, the United Arab Emirates, including most country full names:^{[viii] [9]} the Czech Republic (but Czechia), the Russian Federation (but Russia), the Principality of Monaco (but Monaco), the State of israel (just Israel) and the Commonwealth of Commonwealth of australia (only Australia).^{[10] [11] [12]}
• countries in a plural noun: holland, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Comoros, the Maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahamas.
• Singular derivations from "island" or "land" that agree administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Island – do non take a "the" definite article.
• derivations from mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, fifty-fifty for singular, (the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[13] This usage is in decline, The The gambia remains recommended whereas apply of the Argentine for Argentina is considered onetime-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to as the Ukraine, a usage that was common during the 20th century, simply this is considered incorrect and possibly offensive in modern usage.^[14] Sudan (but the Republic of the Sudan) and Due south Sudan (merely the Republic of South Sudan) are written nowadays without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is one of the most frequently used words in English language, at diverse times short abbreviations for it have been found:

• Barred thorn: the primeval abbreviation, it is used in manuscripts in the Old English language. It is the letter þ with a bold horizontal stroke through the ascender, and it represents the give-and-take þæt, significant "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript eastward or t) announced in Middle English manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are developed from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modern manuscripts and in print (run across Ye form).

Occasional proposals have been made by individuals for an abridgement. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their classic printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a letter like to Ħ to represent "Th", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[xv]

In Middle English, the (þe) was frequently abbreviated as a þ with a minor e to a higher place information technology, similar to the abbreviation for that, which was a þ with a small t above it. During the latter Middle English and Early on Modern English periods, the alphabetic character thorn (þ) in its common script, or cursive form, came to resemble a y shape. Equally a effect, the employ of a y with an east above it () every bit an abbreviation became common. This can however be seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the King James Version of the Bible in places such as Romans xv:29, or in the Mayflower Compact. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y audio, even when and so written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abbreviation in Republic countries for the honorific championship "The Correct Honourable", as in eastward.m. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[16]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English Alphabetic character Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Dictionary.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Course in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.1." OED Online. Oxford University Press, March 2016. Spider web. 11 March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Lexicon . Retrieved 18 June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is it called The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to utilise".
9. ^ "FAO State Profiles". world wide web.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN Globe Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? by Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Address, 21st ed., pp. 8–nine. A & C Black, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

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